Iyada oo si degdeg ah loo ansixiyay caalamiga ah ee EVs, hagahan waxa uu diiradda saarayaa kakan, horumarayaNidaamka deegaanka ee Waqooyiga Ameerika. Waxaan isku darnaa qeexitaannada farsamada ee hadda jira iyo fikradaha hawlgelinta injineernimada ee muhiimka ah ee laga soo qaatay hay'adaha warshadaha (SAE, CharIN), iyo ilaha xogta awoodda leh (DOE, NREL), oo diiradda saaraya SAE J1772 iyo ISO 15118 dukumentiyada caadiga ah. Falanqaynta ayaa si adag u baadhaysa qeexitaannada farsamada, xuduudaha iswaafajinta, iyo isbeddellada mustaqbalka, iyada oo ujeeddadeedu tahay in lagu bixiyo falanqayn asal ah iyada oo loo marayo muraayadda is-dhexgalka hab-maamuuska.
Shaxda Tusmada
1. Waa maxay Dallacaadda CCS?
CCS (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Isku-dhafka ah)waa halbeeg dallacaad EV ah oo badan oo si weyn looga isticmaalo Yurub iyohoreheerka ugu sarreeya ee dallacaadda degdegga ah ee Waqooyiga Ameerika. Waxay taageertaa labadabaAC (Beddelka hadda)iyoDC (Toos ah hadda)ku dallacaadda hal xiriiriye, oo siinaya isticmaaleyaasha dabacsanaan weyn. Xidhiidhiyaha CCS wuxuu isku daraa biinanka caadiga ah ee AC (sida J1772 ee Waqooyiga Ameerika ama Nooca 2 ee Yurub) oo leh laba biin oo dheeri ah, taas oo awood u siinaysa ku dallaca AC gaabis ah iyo xawaare sare oo DC ah oo ku dallacaadda isla deked isku mid ah.
Faa'iidooyinka CCS:
• Dallacayn hawleed badan:Waxay taageertaa dallacaadda AC iyo DC labadaba, ku habboon dallacaadda guriga iyo dadweynaha.
• Dallacaadda Degdegga ah:Dallacaadda degdegga ah ee DC waxay caadi ahaan ku dallaci kartaa batteriga 80% in ka yar 30 daqiiqo, si weyn u yaraynaysa wakhtiga dallacaadda.
Korsashada ballaaran:Waxaa qaatay shirkado waaweyn oo baabuurta sameeya oo lagu daray tiro sii kordheysa oo ah saldhigyada dallaca dadweynaha.
Sida heerka qasabka ah ee Midowga Yurub, CCS2 ayaa weli ah isku xidhaha degdega ah ee DC.Sida laga soo xigtayXogta Kormeeraha Shidaalka Kale ee Yurub (EAFO) (Q4 2024), tirada ugu badan (qiyaastii85% ilaa 90%Dhibcaha dallacaadda dadweynaha waxay isticmaalaan isku xirka Nooca 2 (AC) ama CCS (DC). [Xigasho ACEA]. Xogta laga helayWaaxda Tamarta ee Maraykanka (DOE)waxay muujinaysaa in CCS ay weli tahay heerka la rakibay ee gaadiidka aan Tesla ahayn ee Waqooyiga Ameerika, xitaa iyada oo lagu jiro kala-guurka NACS [Xigasho DOE-AFDC].
2. Baabuurtee ayaa taageera CCS ku dallacaadda?
CCShadhaagiiheerka ugu sarreeya ee degdegga ahcaalami ahaan, gaar ahaan Yurub. Waqooyiga Ameerika, inta badan kuwa aan ahayn Tesla EVs (kahor-2025 moodooyinka) waxay taageeraan CCS1, in kasta oo soosaarayaal badan ay ku dhawaaqeen u gudubka dekedaha NACS laga bilaabo 2025.
Gaadiidka la taageeray waxaa ka mid ah:
•Aqoonsiga Volkswagen.4
• BMW i4 iyo iX taxane ah
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Baabuurtan waxay la jaan qaadayaan inta badan shabakadaha dallacaadaha xawaaraha sare leh, iyagoo siinaya khibrad ku habboon safarka fogaanta.
3. Isbedelka Muuqaalka Waqooyiga Ameerika: CCS1 vs. SAE J3400 (NACS)
Suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika waxaa hadda lagu qeexay tartan u dhexeeyaCCS1(heerka CCS ee gobolka) iyoNidaamka Dallacaadda Waqooyiga Ameerika (NACS), kaas oo ay u habeeyeen Ururka Injineerada Gawaarida (SAE) sidaSAE J3400.
Maqaalkani waxa uu si qoto dheer u falanqeynayaa muuqaalka dallacaadda Waqooyiga Ameerika ee hadda, iyadoo diiradda la saarayo qeexitaannada farsamada iyocaqabadaha geynta dhulkaee CCS1, J1772, iyo kor u kaca SAE J3400 (NACS).Waxaan isku darnaa fikradaha laga soo qaatay hawlwadeenada shabakada lacag-bixinta ee waaweyn iyo dukumeentiyada injineernimada baabuurtain la is barbar dhigo noocyada dallacaadda, iswaafajinta jirka, iyo isbeddellada muddada-dheer.
| Muuqaal | CCS1 (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Isku-dhafka ah) | NACS / SAE J3400 (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Waqooyiga Ameerika) |
|---|---|---|
| Naqshadda Xidhiidhiyaha | Xidhiidhiyaha weyn, bulkier isku daraya biinanka J1772 oo leh laba biinanka DC. | Naqshad ka yar, fudud, iyo ergonomic badan; hal pin oo loo dejiyay labada AC/DC. |
| Gobolka Sarreeya | Yurub (sida CCS2) iyo hore Waqooyiga Ameerika. | Waqooyiga Ameerika (oo loo dejiyay inay noqoto heerka caadiga ah). |
| Muuqaalka Mustaqbalka | Waxay u ahaan doontaa lama huraan u ah maraakiibta aan Tesla EV ee jira iyo iyada oo loo marayo adapters. | Baabuur-sameeyayaal waaweyn ayaa u qaadanaya moodooyin cusub oo ka bilaabaya2025/2026. |
Habaynta isku xidhka NACS sidaSAE J3400waxay siisaa khariidad cad oo warshadeed, hubinta wada shaqaynta iyo shahaado badbaadada ee korsashada baahsan ee Waqooyiga Ameerika.
4. Waa maxay dallacaadda J1772?
SAE J1772waa halbeeggaAC (Beddelka hadda)ku dallaca xidhiidhiyaha ee North America, ugu horrayn loo isticmaaloHeerka 1 (120V)iyoHeerka 2 (240V)dallacaadda Waxaa soo saaray bulshadaInjineerada Gawaarida (SAE),waxay la jaanqaadi kartaa ku dhawaad dhammaan EV-yada iyo gawaadhida korantada isku-dhafan (PHEVs) ee lagu iibiyo Waqooyiga Ameerika.
Tilmaamaha J1772:
• Dallacaadda AC Keliya:Ku habboon dallacaadda tartiib tartiib ah guriga ama goobaha shaqada.
Waafaqid ballaadhan:Waxaa taageeraya ku dhawaad dhammaan EV-yada iyo PHEV-yada Waqooyiga Ameerika.
Isticmaalka Guriga iyo Dadweynaha:Caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo dejinta dallacaadda guriga iyo saldhigyada dallacaadda AC ee dadweynaha.
Qiyaasaha warshadaha ayaa soo jeedinaya inin ka badan 80-90%Qaybta 2 ee guryaha lagu dallaco ee lagu iibiyo Waqooyiga Ameerika waxay ka kooban yihiin isku xirka J1772, iyaga oo u dejinaya heerka AC caalamiga ah. Milkiilayaasha Tesla waxay gaadiidkooda ku dalaci karaan inta badan xarumaha AC ee dadweynaha iyagoo isticmaalaya adabtarada J1772. Intaa waxaa dheer, warbixin ay soo saartay Electric Mobility Canada ayaa iftiimisay ku tiirsanaanta baahsan ee J1772 ee milkiilayaasha Nissan Leaf iyo Chevrolet Bolt EV ee lacag bixinta maalinlaha ah.
5. Baabuurtee Taageera Dallacaadda J1772?
Inta badanEVsiyoPHEVsWaqooyiga Ameerika waxaa lagu qalabeeyaaXidhiidhiyayaasha J1772, taasoo ka dhigaysa heerka ugu ballaadhan ee la jaan qaadi kara heerka 1 iyo heerka 2 ee dallacaadda.
Gaadiidka la taageeray waxaa ka mid ah:
• Moodooyinka Tesla (oo leh adabtarada)
• Caleenta Nissan
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
Iswaafajinta ballaaran ee J1772 waxay ka dhigaysaa mid ka mid ah heerarka ugu caansan ee lagu dallaco Waqooyiga Ameerika. Sida heerka caalamiga ah ee Heerka 2 (AC), dhammaan kuwa aan Tesla EVs iyo PHEVs ee loo soo saaro suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika (kahor kala-guurka NACS, tusaale ahaan, moodooyinka pre-2025/2026) waxay ku qalabaysan yihiin dekedda J1772 ee shaqeynta AC. Isticmaalka Tesla ee adapters-ka J1772 wuxuu u oggolaanayaa baabuurteeda inay lacag ka qaadaan ku dhawaad dhammaan xarumaha AC ee dadweynaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi-baaris ay samaysay Electric Mobility Canada waxay muujineysaa in Nissan Leaf iyo Chevrolet Bolt EV milkiilayaasha ay aad u qiimeeyaan waafaqid iyo sahlanaanta isticmaalka J1772.
6. Farqiga Muhiimka ah ee u dhexeeya CCS iyo J1772
Markaad dooranayso heerka dallacaadda, isticmaalayaashu waa inay tixgeliyaanxawaaraha ku dallaca,waafaqid, iyo isticmaalka kiisaska. Waa kuwan kala duwanaanshaha ugu weyn:
| Isbarbardhigga | CCS (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Isku-dhafka ah) | J1772 (SAE J1772) |
| Nooca Dallacaadda | Waxay taageertaa AC (Heerka 2) iyoDC (Heerka 3) dallaca degdega ah | Ku dallaca AC kaliya(Heerka 1 iyo Heerka 2) |
| Xawaaraha Dallacaadda | Dallacaadda degdegga ah ee DC sida caadiga ah 50 kW ilaa 350 kW (ka yar 30 daqiiqo ilaa 80%) | Heerka 2 oo ku dallacaya ilaa 19.2 kW (4-8 saacadood oo lacag buuxa ah) |
| Naqshadda Xidhiidhiyaha | Xidhiidhiyaha weyn, bulkier isku daraya J1772 biinanka AC oo leh laba biinanka DC ee go'an. | Xidhiidhiyaha ku dallaca AC ee is haysta ee Heerka 1/2 oo kaliya. |
| Hab-maamuuska Isgaarsiinta | TS ISO 15118 Khadka Korontada - PLCsifada horumarsan (tusaale, Plug and Charge) | SAE J1772 (calaamadaha tijaabada)si loo xakameeyo kharashka aasaasiga ah iyo isdhexgalka badbaadada. |
| Qiimaha Hardware | (Cutubka DCFC): $10,000 ilaa in ka badan $40,000 USD (oo ah 50-150 kW unugga, marka laga reebo injineernimada madaniga ah) | Cutubyada Guriga Heerka 2: Caadi ahaan$300 - $1,000 USDqaybta hardware. |
| Isticmaal Kiisas | Dallacaadda guriga, safarka masaafada dheer, iyo dallacaadda dadweynaha oo xawaare sare leh. | Guriga ama goobta shaqada si tartiib tartiib ah u dallacaadda (habeenkii/barkin maalinle ah). |
a. Xawaaraha Dallacaadda:
CCS iyo NACS waxay taageeraan dallacaadda degdega ah ee DC, inta badan u dhaxaysa 50 kW ilaa350 kW(waxay kuxirantahay saldhigga iyo dhismaha baabuurta). J1772 waxay ku xaddidan tahay Heerka 2 AC dallacaadda, oo leh ugu badnaan wax soo saarka caadiga ah19.2 kW.
b. Qiimaha Rakibaadda & Kakanaanta:Iyadoo rakibidda J1772 (Heerka 2) ay la mid tahay siligga qalab weyn ($300-$1,000 oo qalab ah), goobta geynta DCFC (CCS/NACS) waxay ka dhigan tahay mashruuc injineer oo muhiim ah. Wadarta kharashyada mashruuca (>$100,000 USD) waxaa inta badan gacanta ku haya cusboonaysiinta shabkada tamarta, kharashyada beddelka, iyo oggolaanshaha khaaska ah—waxyaabaha aad uga badan $10,000–$40,000 qiimaha qalabka.[NREL Qiimaha Qiimaynta].
c. Naqshadda Xidhiidhiyaha
CCSIsku dhafka J1772 AC biinanka oo leh laba biin oo dheeri ah oo DC ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka weyn mid ka mid ah isku xirka J1772 caadiga ah laakiin u oggolaanaya dabacsanaan weyn.
J1772Xidhiidhye is haysta oo taageera AC ku dallaca si gaar ah.
d. Waafaqid
CCSLa jaanqaadi kara EV-yada loogu talagalay labada dallaca AC iyo DC, gaar ahaan faa'iido u leh safarrada dhaadheer ee u baahan joojinta dallacaadda degdegga ah.
J1772: Si caalami ah ula jaan qaada dhammaan EV-yada Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo PHEV-yada loogu talagalay dallacaadda AC, oo si weyn looga isticmaalo saldhigyada dallacaadda guriga iyo dabaysha AC dadweynaha.
e. Codsiga
CCS: Ku habboon ku dallacaadda guriga iyo ku dallaca xawaaraha sare ee socodka, ku habboon EV-yada u baahan ikhtiyaarrada dallacaadda degdegga ah.
J1772: Asal ahaan ku habboon dallacaadda guriga ama goobta shaqada, ugu fiican ee dallacaadda habeenkii ama goobaha aan xawaaruhu ahayn arrin muhiim ah.
f. Wada shaqaynta Hab-maamuuska: SAE J3400 iyo ISO 15118
Heerka CCS wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay ISO 15118 (gaar ahaan 15118-2/20 ee PLC ee ka sarreeya khadka tijaabada ah) si loo suurtageliyo astaamo sugan sida Plug and Charge (P&C). Muhiimad ahaan, halbeegga SAE J3400 ayaa si cad loogu qeexay inuu koronto ahaan la soconayo nidaamka ISO 15118 ee loo maro PLC. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in baabuurta ku qalabaysan NACS ay taageeri karaan astaamaha P&C iyo V2G (Gaadiidka-ilaa-Grid), waase haddii saldhigga dallaca ee dhabarka dambe iyo firmware-ka la cusboonaysiiyo si ay si buuxda u hirgeliyaan is gacan qaadka borotokoolka ISO 15118 ee isku xirka J3400. Wada shaqayntaani waxay fure u tahay kala-guur aan kala go 'lahayn.
[Xusuusin Gargaarka Muuqaal] Fiiri sawirka 1 ee J1772 vs. CCS1 Xidhiidhiyaha Pinouts
7. Su'aalaha Inta badan La Isweydiiyo
1. Baabuurta J1772-kaliya (AC) ma ka dallaci karaan saldhigga CCS?
Maya, si toos ah loogu dallacida degdega ah DC Halka qaybta sare ee dekedda CCS ay tahay dekedda J1772, xarumaha dallacaadaha degdega ah ee DC ee dadweynaha waxay bixiyaan kaliya qoriga CCS (DC) buuxa. Baabuurka J1772-kaliya ma isticmaali karo biinanka DC ee awoodda sare leh.
2.Dabaysha CCS si weyn ma looga heli karaa saldhigyada dallaca dadweynaha?
HaaDabaysha CCS (CCS1/CCS2) waa wax caalami ah oo caadi ah. Waqooyiga Ameerika, shabakadu waa ballaaran tahay, saldhigyo badanna waxay ku darayaan isku xirayaasha NACS oo ay la socdaan CCS1 mustaqbalka waafaqid.
3.Ma baabuurta Tesla waxay taageeraan CCS ama J1772?
Baabuurta Tesla asal ahaan waxay isticmaalaan isku xirka NACS. Waxay ku dallaci karaan saldhigyada J1772 (AC) iyagoo isticmaalaya adabtarada, waxayna sidoo kale geli karaan shabakadda CCS DC ee dallaca degdega ah iyagoo isticmaalaya adabtarada CCS ee soo-saaruhu bixiyo.
4. Keebaa dhakhso badan: CCS ama J1772?
CCS iyo NACS (J3400) aad bay uga dhaqso badan yihiin J1772.Tani waa sababta oo ah CCS iyo NACS waxay taageeraan Heerka 3 DC dallacaadda degdega ah, halka J1772 ay ku xaddidan tahay Heerka 1/2 AC ku dallaci gaabis ah.
5.Waa maxay awoodda dallacaadda ee J1772?
Xajiyeyaasha J1772 waxay caadi ahaan taageeraan heerka 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) iyo heerka 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW).
6.Waa maxay awoodda ugu badan ee dallacaadda CCS?
Xajiyeyaasha CCS waxay caadi ahaan taageeraan heerarka korantada ee u dhexeeya 50 kW ilaa 350 kW, taas oo ku xidhan saldhiga iyo gaadhiga.
7.Waa maxay qiimaha qalabka caadiga ah ee J1772 iyo CCS/NACS dajiyeyaasha?
J1772 Heerka 2 cutubyada sida caadiga ah waa $300 - $1,000 USD (marka laga reebo fiilooyinka deegaanka). Unugyada DCFC (CCS/NACS) (50-150 kW) waxay caadi ahaan ku kacayaan $10,000 - $40,000+ USD (cutubyada qalabka kaliya). Fiiro gaar ah: Wadarta kharashka mashruuca DCFC inta badan wuxuu ka badan yahay $100,000.
8.CCS1 ma laga saarayaa Waqooyiga Ameerika?
CCS1 waxa ay ku jirtaa xilli kala guur ah. Iyadoo inta badan baabuur-sameeyayaasha ay ka go'an tahay dekedaha NACS laga bilaabo 2025/2026, CCS1 waxay ahaan doontaa mid muhiim u ah malaayiinta jira ee aan ahayn Tesla EVs sanado. Shabakadaha dallacadu waxay u socdaan saldhigyada labada dekedood (CCS1 + NACS).
8. Isbeddellada Mustaqbalka iyo Talooyinka Isticmaalaha
Sida suuqa EV uu u sii korayo, muuqaalka dallacadu wuxuu noqonayaa mid si cad u kala qaybsan gobol iyo kiis adeegsi:
•Heerka Caalamiga ah: CCS2ayaa weli ah heerka aan ahayn Tesla ee Yurub iyo suuqyada kale ee waaweyn ee caalamiga ah.
Waqooyiga Ameerika: SAE J3400 (NACS)ayaa si degdeg ah u noqonaya heerka cusub ee ugu sarreeya ee baabuurta rakaabka lagu dallaco degdega ah, oo ay taageerayaan ku dhawaad dhammaan baabuurta sameeya baabuurta. CCS1 waxa ay ahaan doontaa mid muhiim ah inta lagu jiro xilliga kala guurka.
• Dallacaadda Guriga: SAE J1772(Heerka 2) wuxuu sii wadi doonaa inuu xukumo suuqa guryaha iyo goobta shaqada, qiimaha jaban, qunyar socodka ah, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay caalaminimadeeda iyo fududaanteeda.
Macaamiisha, doorashadu waxay ku xidhan tahay goobta. Yurub dhexdeeda, waafaqid CCS2 waa qasab. Waqooyiga Ameerika, doorashada baabuur lehDhaladka NACS (J3400)waa habka ugu wanaagsan ee mustaqbalka loo caddayn karo maalgashigaaga, halka milkiilayaasha aan hadda ahayn Tesla ay tahay inay ku tiirsanaadaan kuwa hadda jiraCCS1isku xidhka iyo adabtarada ee gelitaanka Supercharger. Isbeddelku waa xaggasaldhigyada dallacaadda deked-dual-deked ahsi loogu adeego labada maraakiibta CCS ee hadda jira iyo mustaqbalka NACS ee mustaqbalka.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-31-2024