Iyada oo si dhakhso ah loo korayo caalamiga ah ee baabuurta korantada (EVs), horumarinta kaabayaasha lacag-bixinta waxay noqotay diiradda ugu muhiimsan ee warshadaha. Hadda,SAE J1772iyoCCS (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Isku-dhafka ah)waa labada heer ee ugu isticmaalka badan ee lagu dallaco Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Yurub. Maqaalkani waxa uu bixiyaa isbarbardhigga qoto dheer ee heerarkan, falanqaynta noocyada dallacaadda, waafaqsanaanta, kiisaska isticmaalka, iyo isbeddellada mustaqbalka si ay uga caawiyaan isticmaalayaasha inay doortaan xalka saxda ah ee dallacaadda baahidooda.
1. Waa maxay Dallacaadda CCS?
CCS (Nidaamka Dallacaadda Isku-dhafka ah)waa heerka dallacaadda EV-da ee aadka looga isticmaalo Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Yurub. Waxay taageertaa labadabaAC (Ka beddelka hadda)iyoDC (Toos ah hadda)ku dallacaadda hal xiriiriye, oo siinaya isticmaaleyaasha dabacsanaan weyn. Xidhiidhiyaha CCS wuxuu isku daraa biinanka caadiga ah ee AC (sida J1772 ee Waqooyiga Ameerika ama Nooca 2 ee Yurub) oo leh laba biin oo dheeri ah, taas oo awood u siinaysa ku dallaca AC gaabis ah iyo xawaare sare oo DC ah oo ku dallacaadda isla deked isku mid ah.
Faa'iidooyinka CCS:
• Dallacayn hawleed badan:Waxay taageertaa dallacaadda AC iyo DC labadaba, ku habboon dallacaadda guriga iyo dadweynaha.
• Dallacaadda Degdegga ah:Dallacaadda degdegga ah ee DC waxay caadi ahaan ku dallaci kartaa batteriga 80% in ka yar 30 daqiiqo, si weyn u yaraynaysa wakhtiga dallacaadda.
Korsashada ballaaran:Waxaa qaatay shirkado waaweyn oo baabuurta sameeya oo lagu daray tiro sii kordheysa oo ah saldhigyada dallaca dadweynaha.
Marka loo eego Ururka Soosaarayaasha Baabuurta Yurub (ACEA), laga bilaabo 2024, in ka badan 70% xarumaha dallaca dadweynaha ee Yurub waxay taageeraan CCS, oo leh caymis ka badan 90% wadamada sida Germany, France, iyo Netherlands. Intaa waxaa dheer, xogta laga helay Waaxda Tamarta ee Mareykanka (DOE) waxay muujineysaa in CCS ay ka badan tahay 60% shabakadaha dallacaadaha dadweynaha ee Waqooyiga Ameerika, taasoo ka dhigaysa heerka la doorbido ee wadada weyn iyo safarka fog fog.
2. Baabuurtee ayaa taageera CCS ku dallacaadda?
CCSwaxa uu noqday heerka ugu sareeya ee dallacaadda degdega ah ee Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Yurub, oo ay taageeraan baabuurta sida:
•Aqoonsiga Volkswagen.4
• BMW i4 iyo iX taxane ah
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Baabuurtan waxay la jaan qaadayaan inta badan shabakadaha dallacaadaha xawaaraha sare leh, iyagoo siinaya khibrad ku habboon safarka fogaanta.
Marka loo eego Ururka Yurub ee Electromobility (AVERE), in ka badan 80% EV-yada lagu iibiyo Yurub 2024 taageerada CCS. Tusaale ahaan, Volkswagen ID.4, EV-ga ugu iibka badan Yurub, ayaa si weyn loogu ammaanay is waafajintiisa CCS. Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi baaris ay sameeyeen Ururka Baabuurta Mareykanka (AAA) waxay muujineysaa in Ford Mustang Mach-E iyo Hyundai Ioniq 5 milkiilayaasha ay aad u qiimeeyaan ku habboonaanta CCS ku dallacaadda degdegga ah.
3. Waa maxay dallacaadda J1772?
SAE J1772waa halbeeggaAC (Ka beddelka hadda)ku dallaca xidhiidhiyaha ee North America, ugu horrayn loo isticmaaloHeerka 1 (120V)iyoHeerka 2 (240V)dallacaadda Waxaa soo saaray bulshadaInjineerada Gawaarida (SAE),waxay la jaanqaadi kartaa ku dhawaad dhammaan EV-yada iyo gawaadhida korantada isku-dhafan (PHEVs) ee lagu iibiyo Waqooyiga Ameerika.
Tilmaamaha J1772:
• Dallacaadda AC Keliya:Ku habboon dallacaadda tartiib tartiib ah guriga ama goobaha shaqada.
Waafaqid ballaadhan:Waxaa taageeraya ku dhawaad dhammaan EV-yada iyo PHEV-yada Waqooyiga Ameerika.
Isticmaalka Guriga iyo Dadweynaha:Caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo dejinta dallacaadda guriga iyo saldhigyada dallacaadda AC ee dadweynaha.
Sida laga soo xigtay Waaxda Mareykanka eeTamarta (DOE), in ka badan 90% xarumaha dallaca guryaha ee Waqooyiga Ameerika waxay isticmaalaan J1772 ilaa 2024. Milkiilayaasha Tesla waxay ku dallaci karaan baabuurtooda inta badan xarumaha AC ee dadweynaha iyagoo isticmaalaya adabtarada J1772. Intaa waxaa dheer, warbixin ay soo saartay Electric Mobility Canada ayaa iftiimisay ku tiirsanaanta baahsan ee J1772 ee milkiilayaasha Nissan Leaf iyo Chevrolet Bolt EV ee lacag bixinta maalinlaha ah.
4. Baabuurtee taageera J1772 dallacaadda?
Inta badanEVsiyoPHEVsWaqooyiga Ameerika waxaa lagu qalabeeyaaXidhiidhiyayaasha J1772, oo ay ku jiraan:
• Moodooyinka Tesla (oo leh adabtarada)
• Caleenta Nissan
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
Waafaqid ballaadhan ee J1772 ayaa ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah heerarka ugu caansan ee dallacaadda Waqooyiga Ameerika.
Marka loo eego Wakaaladda Ilaalinta Deegaanka ee Mareykanka (EPA), in ka badan 95% EV-yada lagu iibiyo Waqooyiga Ameerika sanadka 2024 taageerada J1772. Isticmaalka Tesla ee adapters-ka J1772 wuxuu u oggolaanayaa baabuurteeda inay lacag ka qaadaan ku dhawaad dhammaan xarumaha AC ee dadweynaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi-baaris ay samaysay Electric Mobility Canada waxay muujineysaa in Nissan Leaf iyo Chevrolet Bolt EV milkiilayaasha ay aad u qiimeeyaan waafaqid iyo sahlanaanta isticmaalka J1772.
5. Farqiga Muhiimka ah ee u dhexeeya CCS iyo J1772
Markaad dooranayso heerka dallacaadda, isticmaalayaashu waa inay tixgeliyaanxawaaraha ku dallaca, waafaqid, iyo isticmaalka kiisaska. Waa kuwan kala duwanaanshaha ugu weyn:
a. Nooca Dallacaadda
CCS: Waxay taageertaa labadaba AC (Heerka 1 iyo 2) iyo DC si degdeg ah u dallacaadda (Heerka 3), oo bixisa xal dallacado badan oo isku xidha ah.
J1772: Asal ahaan waxa ay taageertaa dallacaadda AC oo keliya, oo ku habboon heerka 1 (120V) iyo heerka 2 (240V).
b. Xawaaraha Dallacaadda
CCSWaxay bixisaa xawli ku dallacasho degdeg ah oo leh awood ku dallacasho degdeg ah DC, sida caadiga ah waxay gaartaa ilaa 80% lacag 20-40 daqiiqo ah baabuurta ku habboon.
J1772: Ku xaddidan xawaaraha AC; Dameeyaha Heerka 2 wuxuu si buuxda u dallaci karaa EV-yada intooda badan 4-8 saacadood gudahood.
c. Naqshadda Xidhiidhiyaha
CCSIsku dhafka J1772 AC biinanka oo leh laba biin oo dheeri ah oo DC ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka weyn mid ka mid ah isku xirka J1772 caadiga ah laakiin u oggolaanaya dabacsanaan weyn.
J1772Xidhiidhye is haysta oo taageera AC ku dallaca si gaar ah.
d. Waafaqid
CCSLa jaanqaadi kara EV-yada loogu talagalay labada dallaca AC iyo DC, gaar ahaan faa'iido u leh safarrada dhaadheer ee u baahan joojinta dallacaadda degdegga ah.
J1772: Si caalami ah ula jaan qaada dhammaan EV-yada Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo PHEV-yada loogu talagalay dallacaadda AC, oo si weyn looga isticmaalo saldhigyada dallacaadda guriga iyo dabaysha AC dadweynaha.
e. Codsiga
CCS: Ku habboon ku dallacaadda guriga iyo ku dallaca xawaaraha sare ee socodka, ku habboon EV-yada u baahan ikhtiyaarrada dallacaadda degdegga ah.
J1772: Asal ahaan ku habboon dallacaadda guriga ama goobta shaqada, ugu fiican ee dallacaadda habeenkii ama goobaha aan xawaaruhu ahayn arrin muhiim ah.
SAE J1772 Pinouts
Xidhiidhiyaha CCS Pinouts
6. Su'aalaha Inta badan La Isweydiiyo
1. CCS ma loo isticmaali karaa baabuurta J1772-kaliya?
Maya, J1772-kaliya baabuurta uma isticmaali karaan CCS si degdeg ah DC, laakiin waxay isticmaali karaan dekedaha ku dallaca AC ee dallayaasha CCS.
2.Dabaysha CCS si weyn ma looga heli karaa saldhigyada dallaca dadweynaha?
Haa, dabaysha CCS ayaa si isa soo taraysa ugu caan ah shabakadaha dallaca dadweynaha ee Waqooyiga Ameerika iyo Yurub.
3.Ma baabuurta Tesla waxay taageeraan CCS ama J1772?
Baabuurta Tesla waxay isticmaali karaan xajiyeyaasha J1772 oo wata adabtarada, moodooyinka qaarna waxay sidoo kale taageeraan ku dallacaadda degdegga ah ee CCS.
4. Keebaa dhakhso badan: CCS ama J1772?
CCS waxay taageertaa dallacaadda degdegga ah ee DC, taasoo aad uga dhaqso badan dallacaadda AC ee J1772.
5. Kartida CCS miyay muhiim tahay marka la iibsanayo EV cusub?
Haddii aad si joogto ah u qaadato safarro dhaadheer, CCS aad bay faa'iido u leedahay. Safarada gaagaaban iyo ku dallaca guriga, J1772 ayaa ku filnaan karta.
6.Waa maxay awoodda dallacaadda ee J1772?
Xajiyeyaasha J1772 waxay caadi ahaan taageeraan heerka 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) iyo heerka 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW).
7.Waa maxay awoodda ugu badan ee dallacaadda CCS?
Xajiyeyaasha CCS waxay caadi ahaan taageeraan heerarka korantada ee u dhexeeya 50 kW ilaa 350 kW, taas oo ku xidhan saldhiga iyo gaadhiga.
8.Waa maxay qiimaha rakibaadda ee J1772 iyo CCS dajiyeyaasha?
Xajiyeyaasha J1772 caadi ahaan waa ka jaban yihiin rakibaadda, qiimihiisu waa 300-700, halka CCS dajiyeyaasha, taageeraya dallacaadda degdegga ah, ay ku kacayaan inta u dhaxaysa 1000 iyo 5000.
9. CCS iyo J1772 dallacaadda isku xirayaasha ma is waafajiyaan?
Qaybta dallaca AC ee xidhiidhiyaha CCS waxay la jaan qaadaysaa J1772, laakiin qaybta dallacaadda DC waxay la shaqaysaa oo keliya baabuurta ku habboon CCS.
10. Heerarka dallacaadda EV miyay midayn doonaan mustaqbalka?
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, heerarka sida CCS iyo CHAdeMO way wada nool yihiin, laakiin CCS waxay si degdeg ah caan uga helaysaa Yurub iyo Waqooyiga Ameerika, oo laga yaabo inay noqoto heerka ugu sarreeya.
7. Isbeddellada Mustaqbalka iyo Talooyinka Isticmaalaha
Sida suuqa EV uu u sii korayo, qaadashada CCS si xawli ah ayay u kordheysaa, gaar ahaan safarka fogaanta iyo kharashka dadweynaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, J1772 ayaa weli ah heerka la doorbido ee dallacaadda guriga sababtoo ah waafaqid ballaaran iyo qiimo jaban. Isticmaalayaasha inta badan u socdaala masaafo dheer, waxa lagula talinayaa in ay doortaan baabuur leh karti CCS. Kuwa ugu horrayn baabuurka ku dhex wata magaalooyinka, J1772 ayaa ku filan baahida maalinlaha ah.
Sida laga soo xigtay Wakaaladda Tamarta Caalamiga ah (IEA), lahaanshaha caalamiga ah ee EV ayaa la saadaalinayaa in ay gaarto 245 milyan marka la gaaro 2030, iyadoo CCS iyo J1772 ay sii wadaan sida heerarka ugu sarreeya. Tusaale ahaan, Yurub waxay qorsheyneysaa inay ballaariso shabakadeeda dallacaadda ee CCS ilaa 1 milyan oo saldhig marka la gaaro 2025 si ay u daboosho baahida EV ee sii kordheysa. Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi-baaris ay samaysay Waaxda Tamarta ee Maraykanka (DOE) waxay soo jeedinaysaa in J1772 ay ilaalin doonto in ka badan 80% suuqa dallacaadda guryaha, gaar ahaan guryaha cusub iyo kuwa bulshada lagu dallaco.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-31-2024