Falanqaynta iyo aragtida Gaadiidka Korontada iyo EV Charger suuqa ee Ameerika
Iyadoo cudurku uu ku dhuftay tiro warshado ah, gaadiidka korontada iyo waaxda kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ayaa ahaa mid ka reeban.Xataa suuqa Maraykanka, oo aan ahayn wax-qabad heer caalami ah, ayaa bilaabay inuu sare u kaco.
Saadaasha suuqa baabuurta korontada ee Maraykanka sanadka 2023, barta tignoolajiyada Maraykanka ee Techcrunch ayaa sheegtay in sharciga dhimista sicir bararka (IRA), ee ay ansixisay dawlada Maraykanku bishii August, uu durba saamayn wayn ku yeeshay warshadaha baabuurta korontada silsiladahooda sahayda iyo warshadaha si ay Maraykanka.
Ma aha oo kaliya Tesla iyo GM, laakiin sidoo kale shirkadaha sida Ford, Nissan, Rivian iyo Volkswagen, ayaa ka faa'iideysan doona.
Sannadkii 2022, iibka baabuurta korontada ee Maraykanka waxaa u badnaa dhowr nooc, sida Tesla's Model S, Model Y iyo Model 3, Chevrolet's Bolt iyo Ford's Mustang Mach-E.2023 waxay arki doontaa xitaa moodooyin cusub oo badan oo soo baxaya iyadoo warshado cusubi ay soo qulqulayaan, waxayna noqon doonaan kuwo la awoodi karo.
McKinsey waxa uu saadaaliyay in baabuurta dhaqameedka iyo kuwa bilowga ah ee EV ay soo saari doonaan ilaa 400 nooc oo cusub marka la gaadho 2023.
Intaa waxaa dheer, si loo taageero dhismaha kaabayaal dhaqaale oo tuulle ah, Mareykanka wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inuu qorsheyn doono $7.5 bilyan sanadka 2022 si loo dhiso 500,000 oo ah saldhigyada dallacaadda dadweynaha.Ururka aan macaash doonka ahayn ee ICCT ayaa ku qiyaasey in sanadka 2030, baahida loo qabo xarumaha dallacaadaha dadweynaha ee Maraykanka ay dhaafi doonto 1 milyan.
Suuqa baabuurta korontada oo sii kordhaya
Suuqa gawaarida korantada ee caalamiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan gaadiidka korantada ee Hybrid Electric (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Gaari (PHEV) iyo Baabuurka Korantada (BEV), waxay ku sii socotaa kor u kaca jawiga adag ee masiibada COVID-19.
Marka loo eego daraasadda McKinsey (Fischer et al., 2021), inkasta oo guud ahaan hoos u dhac ku yimid iibka baabuurta caalamiga ah, 2020 wuxuu ahaa sanad weyn oo iibka baabuurta korontada, iyo rubuci saddexaad ee sanadkaas, iibinta caalamiga ah ee baabuurta korontada ayaa dhab ahaantii kor u dhaaftay. heerka COVID-19 ka hor.
Gaar ahaan, iibka Yurub iyo Shiinaha ayaa kordhay 60% iyo 80% siday u kala horreeyaan rubuci afraad rubucii hore, taasoo ku riixday heerka gelitaanka baabuurta korantada caalamiga ah rikoor sare oo ah 6%.In kasta oo Maraykanku uu ka dambeeyo labada gobol ee kale, iibka EV wuxuu kordhay ku dhawaad 200% intii u dhaxaysay Q2 2020 iyo Q2 2021, isaga oo gacan ka geysanaya in la gaaro heerka dhexgalka gudaha ee 3.6% inta lagu jiro masiibada (eeg Jaantuska 1).
Jaantus 1 - Isha: Daraasada McKinsey (Fischer et al., 2021)
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka si dhow loo eego qaybinta juqraafiga ee diiwaangelinta EV ee Maraykanka oo dhan waxay muujinaysaa in koritaanka korsashada EV uusan si siman uga dhicin gobollada oo dhan;waxay si dhow ula xidhiidhaa cufnaanta dadweynaha iyo baahsanaanta aagagga magaaloyinka waxayna ku kala duwan tahay dawlad-goboleedka, iyada oo gobollada qaar ay haystaan tirooyin badan oo diiwaan-gelinta EV ah iyo heerarka korsashada (Jaantuska 2).
Mid ka baxsan ayaa hadhay California.Marka loo eego Xarunta Xogta Shidaalka Alternative ee Waaxda Tamarta ee Mareykanka, diiwaan gelinta baabuurta korontada ku shaqeysa ee California waxay kor u dhaaftay 425,300 sanadka 2020, taasoo ka dhigan qiyaastii 42% diiwaan gelinta baabuurta korontada ee qaranka.Taasi waxay ka badan tahay todoba jeer heerka diiwaangelinta Florida, taas oo leh tirada labaad ee ugu sareysa ee baabuurta koronto ee diiwaangashan.
Labada xero ee suuqa saldhigyada dalaca ee Maraykanka
Marka laga soo tago Shiinaha iyo Yurub, Mareykanka waa suuqa saddexaad ee ugu weyn adduunka oo dhan.Marka loo eego tirakoobka IEA, laga soo bilaabo 2021, waxaa jira 2 milyan oo baabuur tamar cusub gudaha Mareykanka, 114,000 dajiyeyaasha baabuurta dadweynaha (36,000 saldhigyada dallaca), iyo saamiga gaadiidka dadweynaha ee 17: 1, oo leh koronto tartiib tartiib ah AC xisaabinta qiyaastii 81 %, wax yar ka hooseeya suuqa Yurub.
Xajiyeyaasha US ev waxaa loo qaybiyaa nooca loo yaqaan 'AC' tartiib tartiib ah u dallacaadda (oo ay ku jirto L1 - ku dallaca 1 saac si loo wado 2-5 mayl iyo L2 - ku dallaca 1 saac si loo kaxeeyo 10-20 mayl), iyo ku dallacaadda 1 saac si loo wado 60 mayl ama ka badan).Waqtigan xaadirka ah, AC si tartiib tartiib ah u dallacaadda L2 waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa 80%, iyada oo hawlwadeenka weyn ChargePoint uu wax ku biirinayo 51.5% saamiga suuqa, halka DC ku dallaca degdega ah uu xisaabinayo 19%, oo uu hogaamiyo Tesla oo leh 58% saamiga suuqa.
Xigasho: Hua 'an Securities
Marka loo eego warbixin ay soo saartay Grand View Research, Baabuurka Korantada ee Mareykanka ee ku dallaca kaabayaasha kaabayaasha cabbirka wuxuu ahaa $2.85 bilyan sanadka 2021 waxaana la filayaa inuu ku koco heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee isku dhafka ah (CAGR) ee 36.9% laga bilaabo 2022 ilaa 2030.
Kuwa soo socda waa shirkadaha waaweyn ee ku dallaca baabuurta korontada ee Maraykanka.
Tesla
Shirkadda baabuurta korontada soo saarta ee Tesla ayaa leh oo ka shaqeysa shabakadeeda Superchargers.Shirkaddu waxay leedahay 1,604 xarumood oo dallacaadaha ah iyo 14,081 xajiyeyaasha waaweyn oo adduunka oo dhan ah, kuwaas oo ku yaal goobaha dadweynaha iyo goobaha ganacsiga ee Tesla.Xubinimada looma baahna, laakiin waxay ku kooban tahay baabuurta Tesla ee ku qalabaysan isku xidhayaasha gaarka ah.Tesla waxa ay ku isticmaali kartaa dabaysha SAE-ga iyada oo adeegsanaysa adapters.
Qiimaha waa ku kala duwan yahay goobta iyo arrimo kale, laakiin badanaa waa $0.28 kWhkiiba.Haddii kharashku ku salaysan yahay wakhtiga la isticmaalay, waa 13 senti daqiiqadiiba waxa ka hooseeya 60 kWh iyo 26 senti daqiiqadiiba ka sarreeya 60 kWh.
Shabakadda dallacaadda ee Tesla waxay caadi ahaan ka kooban tahay in ka badan 20,000 oo xajiyeyaasha waaweyn ah (dhakhso).Halka shabakadaha kale ee dallacadu ay leeyihiin isku dhafka Heerka 1 (in ka badan 8 saacadood si buuxda), Heerka 2 (in ka badan 4 saacadood si buuxda) iyo Heerka 3 xajiyeyaasha degdega ah (qiyaastii 1 saac ilaa dallad buuxda), kaabayaasha Tesla waxaa loogu talagalay inay u oggolaato milkiilayaasha si aad si degdeg ah ugu soo gasho wadada adigoo lacag yar wata.
Dhammaan saldhigyada Supercharger-ka waxaa lagu soo bandhigay khariidad is dhexgal ah oo ku dhex jirta nidaamka socodka sabuuradda ee Tesla.Isticmaalayaasha waxay arki karaan saldhigyada wadada, iyo sidoo kale xawaarahooda dallacaadda iyo helitaanka.Shabakadda Supercharger waxay u ogolaataa milkiilayaasha Tesla inay helaan waayo-aragnimada safarka ugu wanaagsan ee suurtogalka ah iyaga oo aan ku tiirsanayn saldhigyada dallacaadda dhinac saddexaad.
Indho-indho
Shabakadda Blink waxaa iska leh Car Charging Group, Inc, oo ka shaqeysa 3,275 Heerka 2 iyo Heerka 3 dajiyeyaasha dadweynaha gudaha Mareykanka.Qaabka adeegu waa inaadan u baahnayn inaad xubin ka noqoto si aad u isticmaasho dabaysha Blink, laakiin waxaad kaydin kartaa xoogaa lacag ah haddii aad ku biirto.
Qiimaha saldhigga ah ee dallacaadda Heerka 2 waa $0.39 ilaa $0.79 KWH, ama $0.04 ilaa $0.06 daqiiqaddii.Heerka 3 dallaca degdega ah wuxuu ku kacayaa $0.49 ilaa $0.69 KWH, ama $6.99 ilaa $9.99 kharashkiiba.
ChargePoint
Iyada oo ku saleysan California, ChargePoint waa shabakadda dallacaadda ugu weyn Mareykanka oo leh in ka badan 68,000 dhibcood, kuwaas oo 1,500 ka mid ah ay yihiin Heerka 3 DC aaladaha dallaca.Kaliya boqolkiiba in yar oo ka mid ah xarumaha dallacaadda ee ChargePoint ayaa ah Heerka 3 DC Chargers degdeg ah.
Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in saldhigyada dallacadu intooda badan loogu talagalay in lagu dallaco tartiib tartiib ah inta lagu jiro maalinta shaqada ee goobaha ganacsiga iyadoo la isticmaalayo heerka I iyo heerka II.Tani waa istaraatiijiyada ugu fiican ee lagu kordhinayo raaxada macaamiisha safarka EV, laakiin shabakadooda waxay leedahay cillado la taaban karo oo ku saabsan safarka gobolka iyo masaafada dheer, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aan macquul ahayn in milkiilayaasha EV ay gebi ahaanba ku tiirsanaadaan ChargePoint.
Electrify America
Electrify America, oo ay leedahay shirkadda baabuurta Volkswagen, ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay ku rakibto 480 xarumood oo degdeg ah 17 goobood oo waaweyn oo ku yaala 42 gobol dhamaadka sanadka, iyada oo xarun kastaa ay ku taal wax ka badan 70 mayl midba midka kale.Xubinimada looma baahna, laakiin qiimo dhimis ayaa diyaar u ah ku biirista barnaamijka Pass+ ee shirkadda.Kharashka dallacaadda waxaa loo xisaabiyaa si ku saleysan hal-daqiiqo, iyadoo ku xiran goobta iyo heerka ugu sarreeya ee awoodda la aqbali karo ee baabuurka.
Tusaale ahaan, Kaliforniya, qiimaha saldhigga ahi waa $0.99 halkii daqiiqo oo ah 350 kW, $0.69 125 kW, $0.25 75 kW, iyo $1.00 kharashkiiba.Kharashka billaha ah ee qorshaha Pass+ waa $4.00, iyo $0.70 daqiiqaddii 350 kW, $0.50 daqiiqaddii 125 kW, iyo $0.18 daqiiqaddii 75 kW.
EVgo
EVgo , oo fadhigeedu yahay Tennessee wuxuuna ilaaliyaa in ka badan 1,200 DC Chargers degdeg ah gudaha 34 gobol.Sicirrada dallacaadda degdegga ah way kala duwan yihiin gobol ahaan.Tusaale ahaan, aagga Los Angeles ee California, waxay ku kacaysaa $0.27 daqiiqaddii dadka aan xubnaha ahayn iyo $0.23 xubnaha.Diiwaangelintu waxay u baahan tahay khidmad bishiiba ah $7.99, laakiin waxaa ku jira 34 daqiiqo oo lacag degdeg ah.Si kastaba ha noqotee, Heerka 2 wuxuu dalacaa $1.50 saacaddii.Sidoo kale ogow in EVgo uu heshiis kula jiro Tesla ee EVgo saldhigyada dallacaadaha degdega ah si ay u helaan milkiilayaasha Tesla.
Volta
Volta, oo ah shirkad fadhigeedu yahay San Francisco oo ka shaqeysa in ka badan 700 oo xarumood oo ku yaala 10 gobol, waxa muuqata ayaa ah in ku dallaca Volta ay tahay lacag la’aan oo aan xubinnimo looga baahnayn.Volta waxa ay maalgelisay rakibaadda cutubyada dallaca ee Heerka 2 ee u dhow tafaariiqda sida Whole Foods, Macy's iyo Saks.Iyadoo shirkadu ay bixiso biilka korontada, waxay lacag ku samaysaa iibinta xayaysiisyada kafaala qaaday ee lagu soo bandhigay kormeerayaasha ku rakiban qaybaha dallacaadda.Dhibta ugu weyn ee Volta waa la'aanta kaabayaal ee Heerka 3 dallacaadda degdega ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Jan-07-2023